Evaluating Market Structures - 1574 Words

Evaluating Market Structures Economics 212 Abstract Many types of market structures exist, with each market structure proving more effective than the other for certain firms. If a firm choses to enter a different market structure then that firms financial success will either diminish or flourish accordingly; the latter is usually the case regarding monopolistic competition market structures in the short run. Firms in this market structure must compete by using strategies, hiring skilled labor, evaluating their products, and differentiating their products to survive in the long run. Starbucks is an example of a monopolistic competitive firm that understands how that market structure works, thus giving them substantial profits in the past†¦show more content†¦The supply can increase (causing the curve to shift to the right):1. If wages rise (causing more people to be attracted to the market as sellers of labor services); 2. If population increases; 3. if attitudes change, such as more women wanting to leave home and enter the work force; The supply can decrease through emigration, falling wages, negative attitudes toward work, or even warfare (which removes people involuntarily from the workforce). The demand for labor is also affected by its cost (demand goes up if unit labor costs through falling wages or rising productivity go down), by changes in the size of the workforce, etc†(Supply and Demand of Labor). Starbucks Market Structure Starbucks is a monopolistic competitive firm which produces products that are not identical to another firms products. They may sell coffee, but their quality of coffee is different than compared to another firms coffee. Market Structures Effectiveness Monopolistic competitive firms have barriers to entry that are designed to block potential entrants from entering a market profitably. They seek to protect the monopoly power of existing (incumbent) firms in an industry and therefore maintain supernormal (monopoly) profits in the long run, making the market less contestable. Some of these barriers, pricing limitations, patents, and trademarks help firmsShow MoreRelatedMarket Research : Evaluating And Determining The Market Rates For Benchmark Jobs1125 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Research: Market- pricing is the other method used in combination with job classification to determine pay. This method outweighs job classification and focuses on having a market- based structure. Valuing jobs based on the external competitive worth it the primary focus to evaluating and determining pay of jobs in the compensation structure. With this method, jobs are placed into a grade structure based on the competitive pay of the job. JU jobs are matched to similar jobs in the relevantRead MoreAmerican General Corporation1014 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican General Corporation Evaluating the Risk of the American General Corporation we started from looking at companys market standing from potential investors point of view. First we take a look at the companies profile. American General Corporation is a diversified financial services organization, provides retirement services, life insurance, and consumer loans. The company offers retail financial programs through fifteen thousand merchants. American General Corp. operates in 41 statesRead MoreInternal Assessment : Financial, Organizational Structure, Market Analysis And Company Strategies1364 Words   |  6 PagesAssessment The internal assessment will focus of four internal business areas; financial, organizational structure, market analysis and company strategies. Financial Analysis NTGR was analyzed in this study based on a five year average for years 2009 through 2013 as provided by Investing (Investing, 2014). The objective of the financial analysis is to review and assess NTGR’s position in the market and the strategy required to be successful and maintain its financial health. Financial ratios are oftenRead MoreThe Marketing Handbook Critique762 Words   |  4 Pagesstrategy, tactics, implementation and control of the plan and conclude with a short summary. The situation analysis is the evaluation of the company and the environment that it operates in. The situation analysis consists of the company overview, market overview and target selection. It will define the goals, current performance of the company, its assets and core competencies. It will also identify its customers, collaborators and competitors. It will focus on its target as well as those that willRead MoreBusiness Plan for Room for Dessert Essay955 Words   |  4 Pagesin both. Also the business model lacks process innovation and is therefore easy to copy. The identified market could be attractive to some extent but it is unlikely that it will develop outside a niche. This increases uncertainty that the business will be able to perform as projected and therefore I would not recommend investing in it. The People When analyzing the venture I was evaluating if the team of people possesses the necessary skills, experience, contacts and attitude required to startRead MoreIdentify the Significant Cultural Issues Involved When Evaluating the Attractiveness of a Particular Location as a Place for Doing Business708 Words   |  3 Pagesissues involved when evaluating the attractiveness of a particular location as a place for doing business Making business abroad can be risky, but it can also be profitable for a company as well; thus the necessity to study in deep the country where the company will bring the business to. International companies are faced with many cultural challenges, when doing business across and inside of different borders. Identifying the significant cultural issues involved when evaluating the attractivenessRead MorePorters Five Forces1232 Words   |  5 PagesMichael Porter established a structure that shapes a structure that monitors an industry and is often used in strategic planning. Porter s detailed five forces model is one of the most frequently used business strategy tools and additional ease and effectiveness to havemany situations within in America and within global businesses.across businesses around the world. Assessing Porter’s Five Force’s Michael Porter established a structure that develops a corporationRead MoreCost of Capital at Ameritrade1330 Words   |  6 Pagesof capital. Under the CAPM, the market portfolio is a well-diversified, efficient portfolio representing the non-diversifiable risk in the economy. Therefore, investments have similar risk if they have the same sensitivity to market risk, as measured by their beta with the market portfolio. So, the cost of capital of any investment opportunity equals the expected return of available investments with the same beta. This estimate is provided by the Security Market Line equation of the CAPM with statesRead MoreA New Framework For Marketing Performance1018 Words   |  5 Pagesaccurate framework for evaluating marketing performance is conducted. The framework of theoretical rationale, conceptual approach to the treatment of performance, aspects of performance assessed, referents of performance, and time horizon could possibly be the new standard used for evaluating marketing performance. Finding the linkages between organizational and operational performance are the goal of this framework and that is the way to keep marketing alive. Marketing Structure Past research. DiscoveriesRead MoreOrganization Structures Used By International Firms1488 Words   |  6 Pageswith various organization structures used by international firms (4.2)? Let us now have a look at the various organization structures used by Multinational organizations. a) International division structure The international division structure looks after all the international businesses of the company. All the international businesses directly report to the international division structure. The major disadvantage of this structure is that the international business structure has to depend on the domestic

Stereotypes Against Indian People in Thailand - 1269 Words

Indians are the group of people who receive a lot of stereotypes in Thailand. Ranging from public places like shopping centers, parties house, hall way, to university campus, we can notice that many Thai people try to avoid staying close to or interact with Indians. One of the stereotype Thai people have toward Indians include viewing Indians as a snake charmer, which give images of ancient and exotic group of people. There is a famous joke in Thai circles that, If a snake and an Indian come after to attack you, you should hit the Indian first, then snake. This reflects that some Thais view Indian as more tricky and dangerous than a snake. Another reason why Thai people like to think of Indian people negatively is due to the not so good reputation of their county, India. Many still view India as a country full of poverty and chaos. Some Thai even get into thinking that Indians are from another world with different culture, and mind set, thus, are not acceptable and tend to isolate th em from Thai sociality. In my own experience, there was a day when I was trying to get a cab to home, it was a long line of people waiting for a cab, and there were two passengers standing at the head of the line, one was Thai and another is an Indian person. One of the cab arrive already riding Indians passengers, but when the Thai women saw the cab was previously sat by other Indians, the Thai person refuse to sit that cab. The second passage on the line, who is an Indian woman she wasShow MoreRelatedCross Culture Management6213 Words   |  25 Pages..........................................20 INTRODUCTION The concept of globalization has brought people from different parts of the global and from different cultural backgrounds into routine contact with each other and each other’s cultures (Morrison, 2002, P.118). 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Show the importance of four women to Jane Eyre’s development Free Essays

The four people who played a significant part in Jane Eyre’s early life whilst also influencing the development of her character, were Mrs. Reed, Bessie, Miss Temple and Helen Burns. All four of these women had strong beliefs about how women should behave, in addition to possessing a deep rooted passion for their own religious beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on Show the importance of four women to Jane Eyre’s development or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will discuss how each of these women shaped the person that Jane Eyre became. Initially, I will be looking at Mrs Reed who is Jane’s aunt through marriage and discussing how significant she was to Jane’s early life. Mrs. Reed had responsibility for Jane, as sole carer, a role that neither Jane nor Mrs. Reed were happy with. Their relationship was one of hatred and general dislike on both parts. Indeed, Mrs. Reed so disliked Jane, even from a young age that she treated her worse than one of the servants of the house. It was not that she did not like children, as she had several of her own to whom she showed great love and affection. However, so acute was the resentment that she held for Jane that she frequently separated her from the activities planned for her own children, declaring that they were; â€Å"intended only for contented, happy little children†. Unfortunately, exclusion such as this only succeeded in embittering Jane and causing a larger rift between herself and her aunt. Additionally, these actions also succeeded in Jane developing a general dislike for her cousins, in particular Master John Reed, who behaved as equally disgracefully towards Jane, following the example laid down by his mother. He treated her like a â€Å"rat† whose actual existence was insignificant. Infact, the relationship between the two deteriorated to such a degree that it resulted in a physical argument which ended up with Jane being imprisoned in the Red Room. Although the intention had been to punish Jane, the Red Room actually assisted Jane in becoming a stronger person, which in turn resulted in Mrs. Reed becoming fearful of her unwanted niece. Jane had time to reflect and realise the weapons that would most offend her aunt, that is, to turn her aunt’s religious convictions back upon herself, as can be seen when she relates in the mind of the mature Jane. â€Å"But I ought to forgive you, for you knew not what you did: While rending my heart-strings, you thought you were only uprooting my bad propensities†. Not only does she blasphemously incorporate the dying words of Christ upon the cross in her speech, but she also professes forgiveness, which follows the word of the Lord. Mrs. Reed had expected bitterness, hatred and spite as a response to her punishment, but instead is faced with an apparent religious conviction, which undermines her actions and leaves her nervous as to future responses. Jane had grown strong through her abuse and would in future enjoy the opportunity to un-nerve her tormentors. This speech is a prelude to the personality of the ‘new Jane’ that is to come. Another example of this change is witnessed by Mrs. Reed after attempting to ruin Jane’s prospects of attending Lowood School when she provided ill-intended advice to Mr. Brocklehurst. However, on this occasion Jane does not use faith to un-nerve Mrs. Reed but explodes with the rage of a ten year old when she says; I dislike you the worst of anybody in the world except John Reed†, and then continues in her tirade with, â€Å"I am glad you are no relation of mine. I will never call you aunt again as long as I live, I will never come to see you when I am grown up; and if anyone asks me how I liked you,†¦ I will say the very thought of you makes me sick†. This speech leaves its recipient wanting rid of its orator more than ever and hence Jane succeeds in her plan to be rid of her aunt and her wretched cousins, as she leaves to attend the school Mr Lloyd had suggested she attended after the Red room incident. However, she again leaves the aunt feeling un-nerved as the rest of her angry outburst had told of how her uncle would seek revenge on the wicked aunt for her poor treatment of his niece. Although it can be clearly seen that the two never liked each other, it is apparent that Jane learnt a lot from her aunt, including what is expected of a young lady, how people should be treated in order to prosper in life and she learnt about the church and religion. This brings us to the next significant influence in Jane Eyre’s life. Bessie was a servant at Mrs. Reed’s house in Gateshead Hall and was the first person who showed Jane real love and friendship. She was prone to giving Jane treats and creating songs about her, such as; â€Å"Poor Miss Jane is to be pitied†. On the night that Jane was locked in the Red Room having her â€Å"species fit†, it was Bessie who was at her side, making sure that the young girl was alright and ensuring that she had something â€Å"to drink, or eat†, taking care of her needs. For Bessie was of the opinion that Mrs Reed was far too hard on the young girl and thus had great sympathy for Miss Eyre. This can be seen when Bessie helps to prepare Jane for her departure to attend school at Lowood. Bessie has tea with the young Miss. Eyre in the absence of Mrs. Reed and the children, grabbing the opportunity to tell Jane that she was fonder of her â€Å"than all the others†. Despite that fact that Bessie was only a servant, she teaches Jane to become a strong woman who should not settle for anything less than honesty and commitment. It is also through Bessie’s eyes that Jane sees the purer side of God’s love, as Bessie was also a strong Christian who tried to let Jane see that she lived her life according to his word, which is what brought her inner peace. The third person who played a significant role in Jane Eyre’s life was her teacher at Lowood School, Miss. Temple, who was superintendent in charge of Jane’s daily life at school. However, unlike Mrs. Reed, Jane admired this woman with â€Å"the sense of admiring awe†, as it was Miss. Temple who had cleared Jane’s blackened name. After Mrs. Reed had spoken to Mr. Brocklehurst about what a bad child Jane was, and how she resembled the devil in her actions, he had taken this information and publicly humiliated Jane with it. However, Miss. Temple managed to re-add ress this malicious rumour and restore Jane’s good name, whilst also helping Jane to see that she no-longer had to be the outsider, as the other girls at the school were happy to be her friends. In short, Miss. Temple, with her healthy, truthful smile, offers Jane opportunities in life, something that had previously been denied to her. She showed Jane care, from the young girls first day at Lowood, trying to make her feel comfortable and included. She also recognised a child in need of love and thus showed her some affection, giving hugs, something only one other person had done for Jane before. Hence, Jane felt indebted to Miss. Temple and declares; â€Å"To her instruction I owed the best part of my acquirement†. So strong an influence was this person on Jane’s life that when Miss. Temple left the school and got married, Jane felt that Lowood was no-longer a home. Arguably therefore, she too, like the other significant factors in Jane’s life, had an impact on the woman that Jane became. Miss. Temple also held deep religious convictions and as Jane’s teacher, influenced Jane to live her life as a young religious woman who obeyed the word of the Lord. Nevertheless, of all the religious influences in Jane Eyre’s early life, perhaps the most influential of all was her one and only true young friend, Helen Burns. Her love of Helen is evident in the following speech; nor ever ceased to cherish for her a sentiment of attachment as strong, tender and respectful as any that ever animated my heart†. The two girls’ first meeting illustrates an instant connection, as Helen was reading a book, and Jane was a keen reader, who loved nothing more than to be lost in stories, which were a means to escape her dreadful reality with Mrs. Reed and her cousins. Helen is an intelligent, knowledgeable and dutiful young lady, which leads to the two girls sharing many an opposing discussion about forbearance and religious beliefs. One such discussion centres on love and Jane’s desire for it; â€Å"If others don’t love me, I would rather die than live – I cannot bare to be solitary and hated†. However, Helen conveys that for her, the love of the Lord is the greatest love of all and in knowing that he is watching over her, it is enough for her to be happy and confident in who she is. For as she states, this love is more meaningful than that temporary love of â€Å"human beings†, as it lasts forever. Indeed, many of their conversations ultimately referred back to God in some way or another, no-matter from where the discussion had originated. Jane rarely argued with Helen’s religious convictions as she was in fact in complete awe of her; â€Å"I was struck with wonder†. Even when discussing death, Helen had â€Å"an impression of woe†. Helen’s deeply rooted religious beliefs made her unafraid of the inevitable, as she knew that the end of this life on earth was not the end of the story. Helen firmly believed in an eternal afterlife in Heaven which was difficult for Jane to understand and come to terms with. Jane knew that when her friend died, she would mourn her loss as she loved her so much, but she knew that Helen would not have wanted this, as it was against God’s will. Nonetheless, the conflict within religion, supplied by the major influences in Jane’s early life, shaped the woman who she became. The vengeful and fearful ‘Almighty’, espoused by Mrs. Reed, was to be rejected but the more caring, loving and forgiving God that was evident in Bessie, Miss. Temple and Helen certainly played a part in a blossoming Jane Eyre, who grew to be a bright, outspoken, and bold woman. Although not filled with religious conviction herself, Jane admitted to the significant influence that these women who did believe, had played in shaping who she had grown to be in adulthood. How to cite Show the importance of four women to Jane Eyre’s development, Papers

Management and Organizations in Global Environment Global Business

Question: Discuss about theManagement and Organizations in Global Environment for Global Business. Answer: Introduction Managing organization in the global environment have increased in the modern era. From the study about management and organization in the global environment, I have been able to understand that there are a number of issues related to this particular management. As per the study, it can be inferred that if the firm is able to adapt to the changes taking place in the environment, it is important for the managers to understand the factors and forces that operate in the global business and the impact of these forces in creating opportunities as well as threats. From the study I have learned that there are management issues that the managers of the organization faces while trying to globalize their business such as follows: One of the major issue faced by the managers is compliance and regulation. The managers have to comply with the tax law of the different countries that have strict policies about practicing of business in the country. There are certain global economies that have pension restrictions and human resources restriction and rules that restricts employing of foreign workers (Lasserre 2012). Therefore, operation in such global environment becomes difficult. Culture and the languages prevailing in the global market becomes another issue. The managers then needs to find alternative ways to navigate the language issues that might occur during conducting business with the global partners. The cultural difference is another issue that has a great impact on the success of the business in the global market and environment (Cullen and Parboteeah 2013). Therefore, the managers of the organization need to understand the religious and cultural boundaries first in order to carry out effective business in the global environment. The managers of the organization need to understand the impact of the organizational activities on the global economy. The organizations are challenged to implement successful recycling strategies into the workplace as it might be inconvenient for the company. Moreover, in the opinion of Hill, Cronk and Wickramasekera (2013), the organization faces environmental pressure to practice the use of lesser natural resources and produce goods manufactured with materials that are recyclable. Another bigger challenge that the managers of the organizations operating global business experiences are the issue of communication that occurs when technology fails to keep up with every sector of the economy. In case of a company that is dependent on the disparate system, the company is unable to communicate with the other companies or with the global partners effectively (Cohn 2015). Thus, from the overall study, I can evaluate that although there is a huge opportunity for the management and organization in the global environment, there are a number of management issues that follow. These issues have a serious impact on the business operation that might lead to adverse financial downfall if not addressed properly. In order to address the issues and ensure smooth running of the business of an organization n the global market, it is essential for the management to implement appropriate management strategies within the organization. References Cohn, T., 2015.Global political economy. Routledge. Cullen, J.B. and Parboteeah, K.P., 2013.Multinational management. Cengage Learning. Hill, C.W., Cronk, T. and Wickramasekera, R., 2013.Global business today. McGraw-Hill Education (Australia). Lasserre, P., 2012.Global strategic management. Palgrave Macmillan.

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Event Critiques Example

Event Critiques Example Event Critiques – Article Example Unit Reflection on Concerts Concert The first concert I attended was â€Å"The Four Season CulturalSeries† which was held at the Heritage Park, City of Sunny Isles Beach, 19200 Sunny Isles Beach, FL 33160. The Florida International University Jazz Big Band. The concert took place on Sunday the 14th of April 2013 (Four Seasons Cultural Series 2013). The Florida University Jazz Big Band was led by Director and lead trumpet player Jim Hacker.The concert was set in the Pelican Community Park Gymnasium, a relatively large hall, which allowed for the guests to move freely and dance while enjoying the sensual flow of modern day jazz mixed with a tinge of old school jazz.The crowd and guests that came to be entertained was mainly the old and middle aged individuals. This is owing to the fact that jazz genre is not very popular with the young and is associated with individuals of a higher class calibre who are considerably well off. The crowd had a mixed response to the music. A sectio n of the crowd preferred to simply remain sited and enjoy the music, while others danced to the tunes. However, the majority of those who danced were mainly couples.There were many compositions that were performed during the concert. They all varied in tempo and covered almost all the genres and sub genres of Jazz. The following compositions were particularly interesting.â€Å"Undercurrent Blues† by Chico O’Ferril. This is an Afro-Cuban Jazz piece that entails a fast, quick ad bright tempo that ranged between 109 to 110 BPM. This makes this piece an Allegro and was from the mid-1940s. Little Brown Jug by Glenn Miller is a Big band Swing Jazz Ballad. It is of relatively slow tempo, at 74 BPM. This makes it an Andante. This piece was from the early 1910s.The concert was a huge success as it encompassed jazz from the different periods that shaped the development and growth of Jazz Music. The gradual switch from fast paced jazz pieces to a slow paced mood created from an e xciting start to a sensual ending for the concert.2013. Four Seasons Cultural Series. October 13. Accessed May 14, 2014. sunnyislesbeachmiami.com/events/four-seasons-cultural-series/.

Zara Fashion Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Zara Fashion Company - Case Study Example From this paper it is clear that  Zara company strategic analysis is provided in which the external environment is studied using PESTEL model. Porter’s five forces model is also adopted in studying the fashion industry that Zara is operating in. Internal strategic audit is provided in which various aspects of the organization is analyzed including financial performance, value chain analysis, design and infrastructure. The internal analysis provides an insight on Zara strength as well as is viability. External and issues that concerns the company stakeholders is studies. These factors notably affect Zara corporate image and the relationship among the stakeholders.  This discussion highlights that  Zara clothing company has grown over years since its establishment in 1975 becoming one of the famous companies in clothing and fashion industry. Zara has become the best known fashion brand in Spain as well as globally. This is attributed to its flagship brand of  £2.5 billio n holding group Inditex. Currently the company has emerged to be world fastest growing manufacturers of fashion clothing. The company has over 2000 stores globally and likely to double in the coming years. Within five years after its establishment the company had a spout of growth extending its operations over the principle cities in Spain. A key major breakthrough of its growth came after its venture into international markets under Inditex Corporation. Trendy Zara is the flagship brand for Europe's fastest-growing apparel retailer.  ... The company has over 2000 stores globally and likely to double in the coming years. Within five years after its establishment the company had a spout of growth extending its operations over the principle cities in Spain. A key major breakthrough of its growth came after its venture into international markets under Inditex Corporation. Trendy Zara is the flagship brand for Europe's fastest-growing apparel retailer. This growth can be argued to be attributed by company adoption of a sustainable breakthrough strategy. This has enabled the company to become world’s largest fashion group with a variety of fashion brand names such as Zara Kids, Pull & Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home, Lefties and Uterque. ZARA STRATEGIC ANALYSIS Industry Overview Fashion and clothing industry is among the expanding most sectors in many economies in the world markets. This industry notably in Spain and its multinational ventures is characterized with high competition and c hange in designs and fashion affecting consumer demand in the key underlying companies. This industry has three major competitors both locally and internationally and these companies include Zara Company holding 9.8% of the market share, H&M Hennes & Mauritiz AB commanding 2.9% and Mango Market share being 2.6%. By 2011 the company is valued at $33.38, since the economic recession this industry forecasting a growth of 10.5% as from 2010 to 2015. It is also important to note that Spain in the fourth largest producer of textile. The industry majorly targets men and women aged 18-35 years old. These companies strive to provide affordable prices to the targeted cosmopolitan and young men and women interested in upscale clothing. This industry and its core markets

Public Relations Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Public Relations Theory - Essay Example Another tactic is to block roads to prevent transportation procedures leading to massive losses in the transport industry. However, patronage in public relations is meant to reform people’s behavior. Government through the council may use bribery and favor of wrong opinions using threats and denials to underfund the black spot project. Patronage also involves using a celebrity to endorse the 142 black spot projects for renovation and repair while ignoring the 50 unattended cases. South Australian council, therefore, may also use endorsements and public appearances of leaders to discredit the remaining 50 projects (Kemp & Higgins 2013, p.1). This is conducted through civic improvement projects and awareness campaigns essential in communication models in public relations. Use of persuasion is also fundamental in convincing people to accept or refuse an idea. Communication is applied in this case in public relations following six distinct steps. Presenting the message comes first because it gives an individual the chance to prepare for the message. South Australia’s council, for example, may persuade the Freedom of Information Laws from pressing on with the eligibility of 50 black spot projects recorded between 2011 and 2012 (More information on budget is on appendix B). Second step involves attending that is very critical in the field of public relations. Listening to the persuasive message is essential for the message to reach its recipient. This is followed by comprehension of the sent message. It implies the South Australian council and the citizens understand the implications of accidents and underfunding respectively. Persuasion strategy, therefore, assists in examining and reporting on the outcome of the... Public relations and media here mean convincing the masses on the benefits of accepting the funding of 142 black spot projects instead of criticizing 50 not underfunded. Fifth step under the persuasion theories is the retention of the information transmitted for future use and reference. In propaganda, a concept of public relations, it is paramount to remind the people constantly on the import of the previous message. For example, addressing the issue of underfunding by the council should take place consistently it is raised by the Freedom of Information Laws and NGOs. This will guard against losing a vote of no confidence against the government Introduction of theories in public relations is to restore mutual relationships. For example, South Australian government through its council is bound by moral principle to explain reasons for underfunding 50 black spot projects. Under the principle, other objectives include organization and explanation to assure the public on road safety. Next is prediction of the decision especially the causes and effects of funding 145 black spot projects and leaving 50 others. instilling relationship management theory in public relations (Doug et al 2009, p.204). Public relations have two forms of publics namely internal and external. For instance, in external, regulatory agencies of the government such as South Australian council has no relationship with other organizations. It, therefore, means media, motorists and community members are not permitted to receive information affecting their interests. Alternatively, internal publics have the same institutional identity and they include employees, management and investors.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assignment - Essay Example Whenever a company starts the main operation in a particular region the initially grow steadily and then exponentially. However after a certain phase the company enters a stagnant phase, during this phase many companies realize the importance of approaching other geographical markets for growth. When the global recession had hit the US and Europe market many companies predominantly operating in those geographical area realized the importance of taking their products to growing market. The BRIC countries namely Brazil, Russia, India and China, have been recognized by many companies as markets which have lot of potential. Many of these countries have a substantial population of growing middle and upper middle class people. The increase in disposal income per family has made these countries, a lucrative target for many. In business globalisation denotes more market share, growth and profit making. The farther is the reach of a business the more customers and revenue it is bound to achie ve (Tandon, p.29). Technology has been an important element in facilitating the globalisation. Technological advances in Information Technology have helped companies to operate their global operations more efficiently. A company that has to set up an operation in a foreign geographical region has to initially relocate their strategic team to establish themselves in the foreign market. ... IT also enables these companies to operate globally by enabling them to handle their clients from distant location. IT companies themselves are biggest advocate of globalisation. Most IT companies work for businesses in various geographical areas growing their network globally. Technological development and advances have indeed made the world a smaller place. These technological advances make it possible for operations situated miles apart interact with each other have formal meetings within few minutes without physically relocating. Technological advancement in transportation also has made global operations easier for companies. Travelling from a location to another also has become easier for the managers. One manger is able to handle several geographical areas due to these technological advancements. Technology also helps in keeping the operations located in various locations have a common identity. One of the main aspects of globalisation has been to utlise the resources carefully and efficiently. Each geographical market has a unique resource quotient that gives a comparative advantage to that market. The companies try using these resources in such a way that maximum profit can be harnessed, this makes globalisation a rewarding option for companies also. Globalisation also enables consumers with the power to choose. The consumers are given wider option due to globalisation are in a position to demand better and efficient service (Ramos, p.1-30). One of the most complicated issues for companies opting for globalisation is planning resource management. Resource management is the back bone for any company. The operations will operate according to the plan only if the human resource planning is done in an intelligent way. Right person for the right

Accountability Mechanisms in Volkswagen and Nike

Accountability Mechanisms in Volkswagen and Nike An ever evolving set of responsibilities (and accountabilities) for the functioning and welfare of individuals, society and the environment is entrusted to public sector organisations and private business enterprises. Using both positive and negative examples discuss the above statement. Accountability is defined as the fact or condition of being accountable; responsibility (Oxford Dictionary, 2016). It is an essential part of all businesses both large and small. The power that one party has which enables them to demand accounts from another party is through various accountability mechanisms. This essay will examine how a small selection of said accountability mechanisms succeeded or failed in the cases of two large corporations Volkswagen and Nike. The environment is entrusted into the hands of businesses. A prime example of when this trust was broken is the Volkswagen (VW) emissions scandal. In this case, the legal accountability mechanism failed miserably. Legal accountability is the obligation that companies have to the law. These accountabilities unlike some others e.g. market accountability are compulsory. The VW emissions scandal erupted on the 18th of September 2015 (Kollewe, 2015). The company was ordered to recall 482,000 cars in the US after the scandal was unveiled. Due to the deliberate illegal installation of a defeat device, VW could cheat emissions testing on several models and was cleared to sell them (Hotten, 2015). The defeat device caused cars affected to excel under normal emissions testing conditions. Its purpose was to recognise test conditions e.g. a locked steering wheel and a stationary test rig and put the vehicles into a safety mode which resulted in the cars emitting a significantly lower level o f air pollutants than they would under normal driving conditions. The rigging of tests allowed VW to manufacture and sell thousands of cars that were advertised as being revolutionary due their low emissions. The stark reality was that when tested out-with normal test conditions, the engines emitted nitrogen oxide pollutants up to 40 times above what is allowed in the US (Hotten, 2015). When the scandal broke, it was unveiled that 11 million cars worldwide could possibly be fitted with the device (Kollewe, 2015). What is questionable, is the fact that the company only suggested that 11m cars could possibly be fitted with the device. One would think that they would know how many times they broke the law considering all the profits that they raked in. This resulted in the emitted pollution totalling almost 1 million tonnes per year (Lee and Vachon, 2016). Roughly the same as the UKs combined emissions for all power stations, vehicles, industry and agriculture (Mathiesen and Nelsen, 20 16). VW did not take care of the environment here because although their deceit caused them to rake in profits, their carelessness and lack of consideration has resulted in a negative impact on the environment and society at large. In the case of this scandal, the legal accountability mechanism failed because although the law stated that cars could not emit more pollution than a set amount, VW used deceitful ways cunning practices to bypass the law. Since the truth has been unveiled, VW has paid and will continue to pay dearly for their wrongdoings with lawsuits and continued legal action being taken against them. Furthermore, legal accountability is not the only accountability mechanism that failed in relation to the VW scandal. Another one was market accountability, accountability to the output market in particular. The output market is where goods are sold and services are provided. This market is especially important as consumers in such markets can take their custom elsewhere in the event of a companys wrongdoing. As such a large company, VW was trusted by millions of users all around the world. They bought their products because of their brand loyalty and belief. They were drawn in by the advertisements promoting clean diesel and gave up their hard-earned money in order to receive a product that unbeknownst to them was contributing astonishing amounts of pollution into the atmosphere (Jopson, McGee and Campbell, 2016). A study found that US [VW] vehicles would have spewed between 10,392 and 41,571 tonnes of toxic gas into the air each yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. If they had complied with EPA st andards, they would have emitted just 1,039 tonnesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦each year in total (Mathiesen and Nelsen, 2016). The failure of market accountability is equally even more astonishing due to the astounding volumes of pollution that was emitted due to these defeat devices. Not only did VW show a lack of regard for the environment, but they also did not act responsibly with the trust bestowed onto them by the output market society. The market penalized VW for its unsustainable behaviour with many customers taking their custom elsewhere. Volkswagen faces a consumer backlash against its brand (Lee and Vachon, 2016) and deservedly so. The VW scandal is a perfect example of the impact that both legal and market accountabilities can have on a company when they are ignored. On the contrary, public reputational and market accountability succeeded in the case of Nike. The company began their Reuse-a-shoe initiative in 1990 and since then have recycled more than 28 million pairs of shoes and 36,000 tons of scrap material into Nike Grind for use in more than 450,000 locations around the world (Ekstrà ¶m, 2014). The material Nike Grind- is created using the slice-and-grind method. This meant that the shoes were sliced into three separate parts: rubber outsole, foam midsole and fibre upper. The three separate parts would then be ground and refined for use (Nike, 2016). The three different types of Nike Grind can then be used for different purposes, all for benefitting communities and society in general. What is remarkable is the fact that Nike saw an opportunity to make use of all the old trainers that were being incorrectly disposed of. By beginning this initiative, it is easy to see that Nike could build a strong brand loyalty. Consumers are always eager to support an initiative that will better the planet in any way, shape or form and Nike realised this and have succeeded.   Nikes Grind website states: Nikes vision is that our products will be closed loop-that is, they will use the fewest possible materials and be assembled in ways that allow them to be readily recycled into new products. Our long term vision is to create a continuous loop without waste. (Nike, 2016) Nike has been very successful with this initiative and it shows that they care for the environments and the well-being of society as a whole. This point is derived from the fact that all the old trainers were being disposed of incorrectly and this led to an increase in landfill. Also, the burning of the rubber led to increased toxic gases being released into the atmosphere. Nikes decision to begin the Reuse-a-shoe initiative was a great one because it improved the regard with which the company was seen. In addition, their pledge to use sustainable, long-lasting materials designed for professional level performance has only further increased its popularity with millions of consumers around the world (Nike, 2016). Nikes swift action to try and reduce the impact that their old products had on the environment worked in their favour as Nike Grind is now well established and continues to boost the Nike brand image. In conclusion, yes, it is true that society and the environment is entrusted into the hands of public sector organisations and private business enterprises. These are regulated using accountability mechanisms. All companies are accountable in many ways. However, where VW failed in their legal, market and public reputational accountabilities due to their deceitful actions, Nike succeeded in their market and public reputational accountabilities by identifying and devising a way to fulfil its objectives whilst making a positive impact in many communities and society. While, VW fitted the defeat device to cheat emissions testing and eventually make more profit, Nikes outward thinking resulted in even more brand loyalty than they started out with. It simply demonstrates that accountability is an essential part of every organisation and when the accountability mechanisms fail, there are serious consequences. Bibliography Ekstrà ¶m, K.M. (2014) Waste management and sustainable consumption: Reflections on consumer waste. Pg 169-171. Available at: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GXLfBQAAQBAJpg=PA170dq=nike+reuse+a+shoehl=ensa=Xredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=nike%20reuse%20a%20shoef=false (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Hotten, R. (2015) Volkswagen: The scandal explained. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-34324772 (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Jopson, B., McGee, P. and Campbell, P. (2016) Volkswagen faces $15bn hit over US green ad campaign. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/1234f9be-f5bf-11e5-9afe-dd2472ea263d (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Kollewe, J. (2015) Volkswagen emissions scandal timeline. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/dec/10/volkswagen-emissions-scandal-timeline-events (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Lee, K.-H. and Vachon, S. (2016) Business value and sustainability: An integrated supply network perspective. Pg 101-104. Available at: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZPzcDAAAQBAJpg=PA102dq=vw+scandalhl=ensa=Xredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=vw%20scandalf=false (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Mathiesen, K. and Neslen, A. (2016) VW scandal caused nearly 1m tonnes of extra pollution, analysis shows. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/sep/22/vw-scandal-caused-nearly-1m-tonnes-of-extra-pollution-analysis-shows (Accessed: 13 November 2016). Nike (2016) How its made. Available at: http://www.nikegrind.com/how-its-made (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Oxford Dictionary (2016) Available at: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/accountability (Accessed: 16 November 2016). Siedel, G. (2016) The Three pillar model for business decisions: Strategy, law and ethics. Pg 16-19. Available at: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=SYXNCwAAQBAJpg=PA18dq=vw+scandalhl=ensa=Xredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=vw%20scandalf=false (Accessed: 16 November 2016).

Margaret Atwoods Cats Eye :: essays research papers

Trace the development of the bullying. How convincing are the situation and Elaine's feelings are portrayed. -How it changes and increases We are first introduced to Cordelia and prepared for the future conflict between the two girls when it is mentioned, "The third girl doesn't wave". This lack of warmth towards Elaine is a premonition of what is to come, and is at the same time believable- new girls are often wary of each other, uncertain of what the other will be like. This key moment also reveals certain character aspects in both Cordelia and Elaine that continue through out the bullying period, for example Cordelia's judgmental attitude "her eyes are measuring" or " Cordelia is looking past me to where my parents are†¦" To me, this first meeting seems too rich on detail, too unbelievable because of the amount of detail that the adult Elaine has remembered. I cannot remember so far back as to what another person's eyes looked like even yesterday, perhaps what they said made a deep impact and I would have remembered it, but surely a conversation between two girls when they were eight years old would not have been remembered in such great accuracy so many years afterwards. Soon after Cordelia's arrival she begins to intimidate Elaine, albeit unintentionally, by leading Elaine to make judgements and comparisons which she had not made before "It occurs to be for the first time that we are not rich." Showing the early signs of pressure and bullying starting to happen. Much of Cordelia's character is also related to the audience at this point, her grownup behaviour is revealed "She has a smile like a grown-ups", "But children don't shake hands like this", "I feel shy with Cordelia", as is her childish nature, "The soft squishy kind, like peanut butter". These extreme swings are shown later when Cordelia appears to be friends with Elaine, while really harassing her. This again is typical of children- that they pick up on the behaviour of their parents is quite natural, especially in Cordelia's circumstances which are related when Elaine visits her with "I ask Cordelia if she is gifted, but she puts her tongue in the corner of her moth and turns away". The main motive to bully Elaine seems to be the neglect that she has to deal with at home- the older siblings who are 'gifted' and her ordinariness and inability to be more like them.